HTML5 form elements

IE10 includes support for HTML5 Forms. HTML5 Forms offers two major advantages over previous versions: new input types and built in validation.

The new HTML5 input types are:

color ,date,  datetime,  datetime-local,  email,  month,  number , range ,  search,  tel,   time,  url ,week

Introducing New Input Types

The current draft of the HTML5 specification brings with it 13 new input field types. Yes, thirteenbrand-new, shiny ways of defining the good old input element, so make some room beside textinputs for the following:

• email for email addresses, perfect to use immediately
• tel for telephone numbers (some browsers may strip whitespace), fine for immediate use
• url for web addresses, good to use now
• color for hexadecimal color values; here’s hoping we see OS-native color pickers in the future!
• number for whole numbers; some browsers provide up/down arrows next to the input field. You can also limit the number to a given range with the min and max attributes.
• range for a numeric input with a slider widget; like the number input type, you can use min and max attributes to define the range. You can also use the step attribute to control the increments in which the slider moves. This is ready for use, as browsers that don’t support it will simply display a text field—but be careful how you use this one. Regardless of how cool they may look, sliders are only good for certain tasks (such as price ranges); in most cases, a regular number field will be easier for your users.
• search for search keywords, so naturally just the tool for site searches. Be wary of the current Mac OS rendering: it looks just like the built-in Spotlight search, but there’s no overriding the styles if you need to display it differently.
• date, month, week, time, datetime, and datetime-local for date-related inputs. Several exciting new fields—now we just have to wait for all the browsers to implement it.

HTML5 form attributes

• There are 14 new attributes Is as follows,
• placeholder, autofocus,  autocomplete, required, pattern, list,multiple, novalidate, formnovalidate, form

Read more :  http://www.the-art-of-web.com/html/html5-form-validation/#.UlOhA9KnqBc

Example  : http://ie.microsoft.com/testdrive/HTML5/Forms/

Good Luck…

Writing Your Own jQuery Plugins

jQuery is great. It’s cross-browser, easy to learn, and makes adding interactivity to your website a breeze. It also comes with plenty of plugins to do almost whatever you need it to do.

Writing your own jQuery plugin isn’t as hard as it might seem at first. This tutorial will go through the process of writing a simple plugin, adding some options, and even perform a callback.

Setting Up

We’ll start with the old chesnut of programming tutorials, a “Hello, World!” plugin. Before we can do anything, we need to establish our file and link it to our HTML document. First, we’ll create our plugin file and put it in the “js” directory of our website. It’s traditional to start our filename with “jquery,” followed by the actual plugin name, so we’ll call this “jquery.hello-world.js”.

Our “Hello, World!” plugin, snuggly next to our jQuery core file.

Next, we’ll need to make sure our plugin file, as well as it’s jQuery core big brother, are linked in our HTML file, so place the following two lines at the bottom of your HTML document, just before the closing </body> tag:

<script src="js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/jquery.hello-world.js"></script>

The jQuery Plugin Structure

jQuery comes with all the necessary hooks to build your plugin file easily. But we still want to be mindful of good JavaScript practices, and make sure we keep everything inside a local scope. We’ll start with the very basic shell of a traditional jQuery plugin:

(function($) {

    $.fn.helloWorld = function() {

        // Future home of "Hello, World!"

    }

}(jQuery));

Let’s take a quick moment to understand what’s going on. By including everything in the(function() {}) self-enclosed JavaScript pattern, we’re making sure that all the variables in our plugin will stay safely outside of the global namespace. We don’t want to cause any collisions with any other JavaScript used on the page, after all.

The other thing you might notice is that we’re defining our plugin as if jQuery was in it’s “no-conflict” mode. Again, we’re seeking to avoid colliding with other JavaScript on the page, and thus we want to make sure that our plugin isn’t reliant on the default $, which could be used by another library.

Finally, $.fn is jQuery’s way of allowing you to define your plugin, which we’ve namedhelloWorld. With all of our pieces in place, let’s actually do something!

Making Our Plugin Do Something

For our plugin, we’re going to do something pretty silly, but also simple enough for our demonstration purposes, and that is to change all the text for the acted upon elements with (what else?) the text “Hello, World!”.

(function($) {

    $.fn.helloWorld = function() {

        this.each( function() {
            $(this).text("Hello, World!");
        });

    }

}(jQuery));

When we’re invoking the plugin by attaching it to a jQuery selector, the object we’re acting upon is already a jQuery object, so we don’t need to wrap it in the $(this) structure you’re used to. However, once we start looping through each instance of the matching selector, we use the$(this) structure as we would any time we ran our selectors through $.each().

Suppose we wanted to change the text of all of our <h2> headers on the following page:

Our web page, ripe for the text swapping via jQuery.

We would invoke the plugin as you’re already familiar, like so:

<script>
$(document).ready( function() {
    $('h2').helloWorld();
});
</script>

To yield this:

Seems silly, I know, but we’ve now replaced all the <h2> headers with “Hello, World!”

We’re not quite done yet. While our plugin technically works, it’s living in its own little isolated world. That is, if you try and chain another jQuery action onto it, nothing’s going to happen because our plugin has led to a dead end. To fix this, be sure to return the results of the plugin as it loops through the DOM elements:

(function($) {

    $.fn.helloWorld = function() {

        return this.each( function() {
            $(this).text("Hello, World!");
        });

    }

}(jQuery));

And congratulations! You’ve just written you’re first jQuery plugin!

But Wait, There’s More!

Now that you’re all happy that you’ve built your jQuery plugin, your boss comes back and says that they need to be able to translate the site into Spanish. Uh oh, what do we do now?

Well, we could start by just adding an argument. Let’s take our plugin above, and instead of hard-coding the text into the plugin, we can replace it with a variable and pass that along when we invoke the plugin.

(function($) {

    $.fn.helloWorld = function( customText ) {

        return this.each( function() {
            $(this).text( customText );
        });

    }

}(jQuery));

There, now we can pass any text we’d like to our plugin. Our offices in Madrid have given us the Spanish translation we need, which we now use as the parameter of our plugin:

<script>
$(document).ready( function() {
    $('h2').helloWorld('¡Hola, mundo!');
});
</script>

Our web page now looks like this:

Our plugin, with “Hello, World!” translated into Spanish.

Complete Customization FTW

But already we’re a little nervous. What if no text was passed when we called the plugin? As it’s written, the plugin would simply blank out the text of our matched elements, and we probably don’t want that. Also, our boss has already come back to us once asking to make a variable. What if he wants more customization options? Simply adding options ad infinitum isn’t going to work in the long term. A more future-proof solution is the options object.

We already know that the specific text needs to be customizable. Now our boss is asking that the text color and font style be customizable as well. (Yes, I know these are simple options to chain onto our selector via built-in jQuery functions, but go with me here.) Let’s add an options object to our plugin, along with some sensible defaults using the $.extend method:

(function($) {

    $.fn.helloWorld = function( options ) {

        // Establish our default settings
        var settings = $.extend({
            text         : 'Hello, World!',
            color        : null,
            fontStyle    : null
        }, options);

        return this.each( function() {
            // We'll get back to this in a moment
        });

    }

}(jQuery));

Now we have a settings object that, when the plugin is invoked devoid of any parameters, will use what we’ve established as the default text. We also have two other properties of oursettings object, “color” and “fontStyle”, that have no default beyond null. For this plugin, we don’t need to establish any color or font style beyond what is laid out in our CSS, but they’re there for the overriding if we want. We just have to make use of them:

return this.each( function() {
    $(this).text( settings.text );

    if ( settings.color ) {
        $(this).css( 'color', settings.color );
    }

    if ( settings.fontStyle ) {
        $(this).css( 'font-style', settings.fontStyle );
    }
});

Since the purpose of this plugin is to replace text, it makes sense to always replace the text with whatever is provided, which is why it also makes sense to provide a default value so thatsomething appears if the plugin is invoked without any options. But the color and font style options are tested for and only acted upon if they are provided.

Our boss has come back and says now they’re going to translate the site into French, and beyond that they want the text to be blue and italic. Fortunately, our plugin can now handle all these requests:

$('h2').helloWorld({
    text        : 'Salut, le monde!',
    color       : '#005dff',
    fontStyle   : 'italic'
});

With several options available to us, our plugin can now speak French, and even change the appearance of the text.

Et voilà! We now have a plugin with a number of possible objects, and the ability to easily add more (or subtract what’s there) in the future without impacting legacy users of the plugin. Hooray for maintainability!

But our boss has come back with yet another request: once the plugin has completed whatever task it was called to do, it should sound an alert informing us of that fact. For this, we have two options: either quit because our boss has obviously never heard of a requirements document, or go the less drastic route and give our plugin the ability to handle callbacks.

Callbacks are options to JavaScript functions that are themselves JavaScript functions. They’re also not unique to jQuery. Again, it may seem like it would be a complicated thing to do, but actually it’s quite simple.

All we need is to establish one more variable in our options object:

// Establish our default settings
var settings = $.extend({
    text         : 'Hello, World!',
    color        : null,
    fontStyle    : null,
    complete     : null
}, options);

Now we have a “complete” variable to perform an action when, well, our plugin completes its action. To invoke it, we’ll want to make sure that what we’re given is actually a function. Fortunately, jQuery helps us with this with the $.isFunction test:

return this.each( function() {
    // Our plugin so far

    if ( $.isFunction( settings.complete ) ) {
        settings.complete.call( this );
    }
});

On the invocation side, our code becomes:

$('h2').helloWorld({
    text        : 'Salut, le monde!',
    color       : '#005dff',
    fontStyle   : 'italic',
    complete    : function() { alert( 'Done!' ) }
});

And as a result, we see our callback as our plugin is executed:

Reference : http://blog.teamtreehouse.com/

Good Luck...!!!!

Test your jQuery skill.

Q1. What is jQuery?
Ans: jQuery is fast, lightweight and feature-rich client side JavaScript Library/Framework which helps in to traverse HTML DOM, make animations, add Ajax interaction, manipulate the page content, change the style and provide cool UI effect. It is one of the most popular client side library and as per a survey it runs on every second website.

Q2. Why do we use jQuery?
Ans: Due to following advantages.

• Easy to use and learn.
• Easily expandable.
• Cross-browser support (IE 6.0+, FF 1.5+, Safari 2.0+, Opera 9.0+)
• Easy to use for DOM manipulation and traversal.
• Large pool of built in methods.
• AJAX Capabilities.
• Methods for changing or applying CSS, creating animations.
• Event detection and handling.
• Tons of plug-ins for all kind of needs.

Q3. How JavaScript and jQuery are different?
Ans: JavaScript is a language While jQuery is a library built in the JavaScript language that helps to use the JavaScript language.

Q4. Is jQuery replacement of Java Script?
Ans: No. jQuery is not a replacement of JavaScript. jQuery is a different library which is written on top of JavaScript. jQuery is a lightweight JavaScript library that emphasizes interaction between JavaScript and HTML.

Q5. Is jQuery a library for client scripting or server scripting?
Ans. Client side scripting.

Q6. Does jQuery follow W3C recommendations?
Ans: No.

Q7. What is the basic need to start with jQuery?
Ans: To start with jQuery, one need to make reference of it’s library. The latest version of jQuery can be downloaded from jQuery.com.

Q8. Which is the starting point of code execution in jQuery?
Ans: The starting point of jQuery code execution is $(document).ready() function which is executed when DOM is loaded.

Q9. What does dollar sign ($) means in jQuery?
Ans: Dollar Sign is nothing but it’s an alias for JQuery. Take a look at below jQuery code.

1	$(document).ready(function(){
2	});

Over here $ sign can be replaced with “jQuery” keyword.

1	jQuery(document).ready(function(){
2	});

Q10. Can we have multiple document.ready() function on the same page?
Ans: YES. We can have any number of document.ready() function on the same page.

Q11. Can we use our own specific character in the place of $ sign in jQuery?
Ans: Yes. It is possible using jQuery.noConflict().

Q12. Is it possible to use other client side libraries like MooTools, Prototype along with jQuery?
Ans: Yes.

Q13. What is jQuery.noConflict?
Ans: As other client side libraries like MooTools, Prototype can be used with jQuery and they also use $() as their global function and to define variables. This situation creates conflict as $() is used by jQuery and other library as their global function. To overcome from such situations, jQuery has introduced jQuery.noConflict().

1	jQuery.noConflict();
2	// Use jQuery via jQuery(…)

3	jQuery(document).ready(function(){
4	jQuery(“div”).hide();

5

});

You can also use your own specific character in the place of $ sign in jQuery.

1	var $j = jQuery.noConflict();
2	// Use jQuery via jQuery(…)

3	$j(document).ready(function(){
4	$j(“div”).hide();

5

});

Q14. Is there any difference between body onload() and document.ready() function?
Ans: document.ready() function is different from body onload() function for 2 reasons.

1. We can have more than one document.ready() function in a page where we can have only one body onload function.
2. document.ready() function is called as soon as DOM is loaded where body.onload() function is called when everything gets loaded on the page that includes DOM, images and all associated resources of the page.

Q15. What is the difference between .js and .min.js?
Ans: jQuery library comes in 2 different versions Production and Deployment. The deployment version is also known as minified version. So .min.js is basically the minified version of jQuery library file. Both the files are same as far as functionality is concerned. but .min.js is quite small in size so it loads quickly and saves bandwidth.

Q16. Why there are two different version of jQuery library?
Ans: jQuery library comes in 2 different versions.

1. Production
2. Deployment

The production version is quite useful at development time as jQuery is open source and if you want to change something then you can make those changes in production version. But the deployment version is minified version or compressed version so it is impossible to make changes in it. Because it is compressed, so its size is very less than the production version which affects the page load time.

Q17. What is a CDN?
Ans: A content delivery network or content distribution network (CDN) is a large distributed system of servers deployed in multiple data centers across the Internet. The goal of a CDN is to serve content to end-users with high availability and high performance.

Q18. Which are the popular jQuery CDN? and what is the advantage of using CDN?
Ans: There are 3 popular jQuery CDNs.

1. 1. Google.
2. 2. Microsoft
3. 3. jQuery.

Advantage of using CDN.

• It reduces the load from your server.
• It saves bandwidth. jQuery framework will load faster from these CDN.
• The most important benefit is it will be cached, if the user has visited any site which is using jQuery framework from any of these CDN

Q19. How to load jQuery from CDN?
Ans: Below is the code to load jQuery from all 3 CDNs.
Code to load jQuery Framework from Google CDN

1	<script type=”text/javascript”
2	src=”http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js“>

3

</script>

Code to load jQuery Framework from Microsoft CDN

1	<script type=”text/javascript”
2	src=”http://ajax.microsoft.com/ajax/jquery/jquery-1.9.1.min.js“>

3

</script>

Code to load jQuery Framework from jQuery Site(EdgeCast CDN)

1	<script type=”text/javascript”
2	src=”http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.min.js“>

3

</script>

Q20. How to load jQuery locally when CDN fails?
Ans: It is a good approach to always use CDN but sometimes what if the CDN is down (rare possibility though) but you never know in this world as anything can happen.

Below given jQuery code checks whether jQuery is loaded from Google CDN or not, if not then it references the jQuery.js file from your folder.

1	<script type=”text/javascript”src=”http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js“></script>
2		<script type=”text/javascript”>

3	if (typeof jQuery == ’undefined’)
4	{

5	document.write(unescape(“%3Cscript src=’Scripts/jquery.1.9.1.min.js’ type=’text/javascript’%3E%3C/script%3E”));
6	}

7

</script>

It first loads the jQuery from Google CDN and then check the jQuery object. If jQuery is not loaded successfully then it will references the jQuery.js file from hard drive location. In this example, the jQuery.js is loaded from Scripts folder.

Q21. What are selectors in jQuery and how many types of selectors are there?
Ans: To work with an element on the web page, first we need to find them. To find the html element in jQuery we use selectors. There are many types of selectors but basic selectors are:

• Name: Selects all elements which match with the given element Name.
• #ID: Selects a single element which matches with the given ID
• .Class: Selects all elements which match with the given Class.
• Universal (*): Selects all elements available in a DOM.
• Multiple Elements E, F, G: Selects the combined results of all the specified selectors E, F or G.
• Attribute Selector: Select elements based on its attribute value.

Q22. How do you select element by ID in jQuery?
Ans: To select element use ID selector. We need to prefix the id with “#” (hash symbol). For example, to select element with ID “txtName”, then syntax would be,

1	$(‘#txtName’)

Q23. What does $(“div”) will select?
Ans: This will select all the div elements on page.

Q24. How to select element having a particular class (“.selected”)?
Ans: $(‘.selected’). This selector is known as class selector. We need to prefix the class name with “.” (dot).

Q25. What does $(“div.parent”) will select?
Ans: All the div element with parent class.

Q26. What are the fastest selectors in jQuery?
Ans: ID and element selectors are the fastest selectors in jQuery.

Q27. What are the slow selectors in jQuery?
Ans: class selectors are the slow compare to ID and element.

Q28. How jQuery selectors are executed?
Ans: Your last selectors is always executed first. For example, in below jQuery code, jQuery will first find all the elements with class “.myCssClass” and after that it will reject all the other elements which are not in “p#elmID”.

1	$(“p#elmID .myCssClass”);

Q29. Which is fast document.getElementByID(‘txtName’) or $(‘#txtName’).?
Ans: Native JavaScipt is always fast. jQuery method to select txtName “$(‘#txtName’)” will internally makes a call to document.getElementByID(‘txtName’). As jQuery is written on top of JavaScript and it internally uses JavaScript only So JavaScript is always fast.

Q30. Difference between $(this) and ‘this’ in jQuery?
Ans: this and $(this) refers to the same element. The only difference is the way they are used. ‘this’ is used in traditional sense, when ‘this’ is wrapped in $() then it becomes a jQuery object and you are able to use the power of jQuery.

1	$(document).ready(function(){
2	$(‘#spnValue’).mouseover(function(){

3	alert($(this).text());
4	});

5

});

In below example, this is an object but since it is not wrapped in $(), we can’t use jQuery method and use the native JavaScript to get the value of span element.

1	$(document).ready(function(){
2	$(‘#spnValue’).mouseover(function(){

3	alert(this.innerText);
4	});

5

});

Q31. How do you check if an element is empty?
Ans: There are 2 ways to check if element is empty or not. We can check using “:empty” selector.

1	$(document).ready(function(){
2	if ($(‘#element’).is(‘:empty’)){

3	//Element is empty
4	}

5

});

And the second way is using the “$.trim()” method.

1	$(document).ready(function(){
2	if($.trim($(‘#element’).html())==”) {

3	//Element is empty
4	}

5

});

Q32. How do you check if an element exists or not in jQuery?
Ans: Using jQuery length property, we can ensure whether element exists or not.

1	$(document).ready(function(){
2	if ($(‘#element’).length > 0){

3	//Element exists
4	});

5

});

Q33. What is the use of jquery .each() function?
Ans: The $.each() function is used to iterate over a jQuery object. The $.each() function can be used to iterate over any collection, whether it is an object or an array.

Q34. What is the difference between jquery.size() and jquery.length?
Ans: jQuery .size() method returns number of element in the object. But it is not preferred to use the size() method as jQuery provide .length property and which does the same thing. But the .length property is preferred because it does not have the overhead of a function call.

Q35. What is the difference between $(‘div’) and $(‘<div/>’) in jQuery?
Ans: $(‘<div/>’) : This creates a new div element. However this is not added to DOM tree unless you don’t append it to any DOM element.

$(‘div’) : This selects all the div element present on the page.

Q36. What is the difference between parent() and parents() methods in jQuery?
Ans: The basic difference is the parent() function travels only one level in the DOM tree, where parents() function search through the whole DOM tree.

Q37. What is the difference between eq() and get() methods in jQuery?
Ans: eq() returns the element as a jQuery object. This method constructs a new jQuery object from one element within that set and returns it. That means that you can use jQuery functions on it.

get() return a DOM element. The method retrieve the DOM elements matched by the jQuery object. But as it is a DOM element and it is not a jQuery-wrapped object. So jQuery functions can’t be used. Find out more here.

Q38. How do you implement animation functionality?
Ans: The .animate() method allows us to create animation effects on any numeric CSS property. This method changes an element from one state to another with CSS styles. The CSS property value is changed gradually, to create an animated effect.

Syntax is:

1	(selector).animate({styles},speed,easing,callback)

• styles: Specifies one or more CSS properties/values to animate.
• duration: Optional. Specifies the speed of the animation.
• easing: Optional. Specifies the speed of the element in different points of the animation. Default value is “swing”.
• callback: Optional. A function to be executed after the animation completes.

Simple use of animate function is,

1	$(“btnClick”).click(function(){
2	$(“#dvBox”).animate({height:”100px”});

3

});

Q39. How to disable jQuery animation?
Ans: Using jQuery property “jQuery.fx.off“, which when set to true, disables all the jQuery animation. When this is done, all animation methods will immediately set elements to their final state when called, rather than displaying an effect.

Q40. How do you stop the currently-running animation?
Ans: Using jQuery “.stop()” method.

Q41. What is the difference between .empty(), .remove() and .detach() methods in jQuery?
Ans: All these methods .empty(), .remove() and .detach() are used for removing elements from DOM but they all are different.

.empty(): This method removes all the child element of the matched element where remove() method removes set of matched elements from DOM.

.remove(): Use .remove() when you want to remove the element itself, as well as everything inside it. In addition to the elements themselves, all bound events and jQuery data associated with the elements are removed.

.detach(): This method is the same as .remove(), except that .detach() keeps all jQuery data associated with the removed elements. This method is useful when removed elements are to be reinserted into the DOM at a later time.

Find out more here

Q42. Explain .bind() vs .live() vs .delegate() vs .on()
Ans: All these 4 jQuery methods are used for attaching events to selectors or elements. But they all are different from each other.

.bind(): This is the easiest and quick method to bind events. But the issue with bind() is that it doesn’t work for elements added dynamically that matches the same selector. bind() only attach events to the current elements not future element. Above that it also has performance issues when dealing with a large selection.

.live(): This method overcomes the disadvantage of bind(). It works for dynamically added elements or future elements. Because of its poor performance on large pages, this method is deprecated as of jQuery 1.7 and you should stop using it. Chaining is not properly supported using this method.

.delegate(): The .delegate() method behaves in a similar fashion to the .live() method, but instead of attaching the selector/event information to the document, you can choose where it is anchored and it also supports chaining.

.on(): Since live was deprecated with 1.7, so new method was introduced named “.on()”. This method provides all the goodness of previous 3 methods and it brings uniformity for attaching event handlers.

Find out more here

Q43. What is wrong with this code line “$(‘#myid.3′).text(‘blah blah!!!’);”
Ans: The problem with above statement is that the selectors is having meta characters and to use any of the meta-characters ( such as !”#$%&’()*+,./:;<=>?@[\]^`{|}~ ) as a literal part of a name, it must be escaped with with two backslashes: \\. For example, an element with id=”foo.bar”, can use the selector $(“#foo\\.bar”).
So the correct syntax is,

1	$(‘#myid\\.3′).text(‘blah blah!!!’);

Q44. How to create clone of any object using jQuery?
Ans: jQuery provides clone() method which performs a deep copy of the set of matched elements, meaning that it copies the matched elements as well as all of their descendant elements and text nodes.

1	$(document).ready(function(){
2	$(‘#btnClone’).click(function(){

3	$(‘#dvText’).clone().appendTo(‘body’);
4	return false;

5	});
6	});

Q45. Does events are also copied when you clone any element in jQuery?
Ans: As explained in previous question, using clone() method, we can create clone of any element but the default implementation of the clone() method doesn’t copy events unless you tell the clone() method to copy the events. The clone() method takes a parameter, if you pass true then it will copy the events as well.

1	$(document).ready(function(){
2	$(“#btnClone”).bind(‘click’, function(){

3	$(‘#dvClickme’).clone(true).appendTo(‘body’);
4	});

​Q46. What is difference between prop and attr?
Ans: attr(): Get the value of an attribute for the first element in the set of matched elements. Whereas,.prop(): (Introduced in jQuery 1.6) Get the value of a property for the first element in the set of matched elements.

Attributes carry additional information about an HTML element and come in name=”value” pairs. Where Property is a representation of an attribute in the HTML DOM tree. once the browser parse your HTML code ,corresponding DOM node will be created which is an object thus having properties.

attr() gives you the value of element as it was defines in the html on page load. It is always recommended to use prop() to get values of elements which is modified via javascript/jquery , as it gives you the original value of an element’s current state. Find out more here.

Q47. What is event.PreventDefault?
Ans: The event.preventDefault() method stops the default action of an element from happening. For example, Prevents a link from following the URL.

Q48. What is the difference between event.PreventDefault and event.stopPropagation?
Ans: event.preventDefault(): Stops the default action of an element from happening.
event.stopPropagation(): Prevents the event from bubbling up the DOM tree, preventing any parent handlers from being notified of the event. For example, if there is a link with a click method attached inside of a DIV or FORM that also has a click method attached, it will prevent the DIV or FORM click method from firing.

Q49. What is the difference between event.PreventDefault and “return false”?
Ans: e.preventDefault() will prevent the default event from occurring, e.stopPropagation() will prevent the event from bubbling up and return false will do both.

Q50. What is the difference between event.stopPropagation and event.stopImmediatePropagation?
Ans: event.stopPropagation() allows other handlers on the same element to be executed, while event.stopImmediatePropagation() prevents every event from running. For example, see below jQuery code block.

1	$(“p”).click(function(event){
2	event.stopImmediatePropagation();

3	});
4	$(“p”).click(function(event){

5	// This function won’t be executed
6	$(this).css(“background-color”, ”#f00″);

7

});

If event.stopPropagation was used in previous example, then the next click event on p element which changes the css will fire, but in case event.stopImmediatePropagation(), the next p click event will not fire.

Q51. How to check if number is numeric while using jQuery 1.7+?
Ans: Using “isNumeric()” function which was introduced with jQuery 1.7.

Q52. How to check data type of any variable in jQuery?
Ans: Using $.type(Object) which returns the built-in JavaScript type for the object.

Q53. How do you attach a event to element which should be executed only once?
Ans: Using jQuery one() method. This attaches a handler to an event for the element. The handler is executed at most once per element. In simple terms, the attached function will be called only once.

1	$(document).ready(function() {
2	$(“#btnDummy”).one(“click”, function() {

3	alert(“This will be displayed only once.”);
4	});

5

});​

Q54. Can you include multiple version of jQuery? If yes, then how they are executed?
Ans: Yes. Multiple versions of jQuery can be included in same page.

Q55. In what situation you would use multiple version of jQuery and how would you include them? 
Ans: Well, it is quite possible that the jQuery plugins which are used are dependent on older version but for your own jQuery code, you would like to use newer version. So because of this dependency, multiple version of jQuery may required sometimes on single page.

Below code shows how to include multiple version of jQuery.

1	<script type=’text/javascript’ src=’js/jquery_1.9.1.min.js’></script>
2

3	<script type=’text/javascript’>
4	var $jq = jQuery.noConflict();

5	</script>
6

7	<script type=’text/javascript’ src=’js/jquery_1.7.2.min.js’></script>

By this way, for your own jQuery code use “$jq”, instead of “$” as “$jq” refers to jQuery 1.9.1, where “$” refers to 1.7.2.

Q56. Is it possible to hold or delay document.ready execution for sometime?
Ans: Yes, its possible. With Release of jQuery 1.6, a new method “jQuery.holdReady(hold)” was introduced. This method allows to delay the execution of document.ready() event. document.ready() event is called as soon as your DOM is ready but sometimes there is a situation when you want to load additional JavaScript or some plugins which you have referenced.

1	​
2	$.holdReady(true);

3	$.getScript(“myplugin.js”, function() {
4	$.holdReady(false);

5

});

Q57. What is chaining in jQuery?
Ans: Chaining is one of the most powerful feature of jQuery. In jQuery, Chaining means to connect multiple functions, events on selectors. It makes your code short and easy to manage and it gives better performance. The chain starts from left to right. So left most will be called first and so on.

1	​$(document).ready(function(){
2	$(‘#dvContent’).addClass(‘dummy’);

3	$(‘#dvContent’).css(‘color’, ’red’);
4	$(‘#dvContent’).fadeIn(‘slow’);

5

});​

The above jQuery code sample can be re-written using chaining. See below.

1	​$(document).ready(function(){
2	$(‘#dvContent’).addClass(‘dummy’)

3	.css(‘color’, ’red’)
4	.fadeIn(‘slow’);

5

});​

Not only functions or methods, chaining also works with events in jQuery.

Q58. How does caching helps and how to use caching in jQuery?
Ans: Caching is an area which can give you awesome performance, if used properly and at the right place. While using jQuery, you should also think about caching. For example, if you are using any element in jQuery more than one time, then you must cache it. See below code.

1	$(“#myID”).css(“color”, ”red”);
2	//Doing some other stuff……

3	$(“#myID”).text(“Error occurred!”);
4	​

Now in above jQuery code, the element with #myID is used twice but without caching. So both the times jQuery had to traverse through DOM and get the element. But if you have saved this in a variable then you just need to reference the variable. So the better way would be,

1	var $myElement = $(“#myID”).css(“color”, ”red”);
2	//Doing some other stuff……

3	$myElement.text(“Error occurred!”);
4	​

So now in this case, jQuery won’t need to traverse through the whole DOM tree when it is used second time. So in jQuery, Caching is like saving the jQuery selector in a variable. And using the variable reference when required instead of searching through DOM again.

Q59. You get “jquery is not defined” or “$ is not defined” error. What could be the reason?
Ans: There could be many reasons for this.

• You have forgot to include the reference of jQuery library and trying to access jQuery.
• You have include the reference of the jQuery file, but it is after your jQuery code.
• The order of the scripts is not correct. For example, if you are using any jQuery plugin and you have placed the reference of the plugin js before the jQuery library then you will face this error.

Q60. How to write browser specific code using jQuery?
Ans: Using jQuery.browser property, we can write browser specific code. This property contains flags for the useragent, read from navigator.userAgent. This property was removed in jQuery 1.9.

Q61. Can we use jQuery to make ajax request?
Ans: Yes. jQuery can be used for making ajax request.

Q62. What are various methods to make ajax request in jQuery?
Ans: Using below jQuery methods, you can make ajax calls.

• load() : Load a piece of html into a container DOM
• $.getJSON(): Load JSON with GET method.
• $.getScript(): Load a JavaScript file.
• $.get(): Use to make a GET call and play extensively with the response.
• $.post(): Use to make a POST call and don’t want to load the response to some container DOM.
• $.ajax(): Use this to do something on XHR failures, or to specify ajax options (e.g. cache: true) on the fly.

Find out more here.

Q63. Is there any advantage of using $.ajax() for ajax call against $.get() or $.post()?
Ans: By using jQuery post()/ jQuery get(), you always trust the response from the server and you believe it is going to be successful all the time. Well, it is certainly not a good idea to trust the response. As there can be n number of reason which may lead to failure of response.

Where jQuery.ajax() is jQuery’s low-level AJAX implementation. $.get and $.post are higher-level abstractions that are often easier to understand and use, but don’t offer as much functionality (such as error callbacks). Find out more here.

Q64. What are deferred and promise object in jQuery?
Ans: Deferred and promise are part of jQuery since version 1.5 and they help in handling asynchronous functions like Ajax. Find out more here.

Q65. Can we execute/run multiple Ajax request simultaneously in jQuery? If yes, then how?
Ans: Yes, it is possible to execute multiple Ajax request simultaneously or in parallel. Instead of waiting for first ajax request to complete and then issue the second request is time consuming. The better approach to speed up things would be to execute multiple ajax request simultaneously.

Using jQuery .when() method which provides a way to execute callback functions based on one or more objects, usually Deferred objects that represent asynchronous events. Find out morehere.

Q66. Can you call C# code-behind method using jQuery? If yes,then how?
Ans: Yes. We can call C# code-behind function via $.ajax. But for do that it is compulsory to mark the method as WebMethod.

Q67. Which is the latest version of jQuery library?
Ans: The latest version (when this post is written) of jQuery is 1.10.2 or 2.0.3. jQuery 2.x has the same API as jQuery 1.x, but does not support Internet Explorer 6, 7, or 8.

Q68. Does jQuery 2.0 supports IE?
Ans: No. jQuery 2.0 has no support for IE 6, IE 7 and IE 8.

Q69. What are source maps in jQuery?
Ans: In case of jQuery, Source Map is nothing but mapping of minified version of jQuery against the un-minified version. Source map allows to debug minified version of jQuery library. Source map feature was release with jQuery 1.9. Find out more here.

Q70. How to use migrate jQuery plugin?
Ans: with release of 1.9 version of jQuery, many deprecated methods were discarded and they are no longer available. But there are many sites in production which are still using these deprecated features and it’s not possible to replace them overnight. So jQuery team provided with jQuery Migrate plugin that makes code written prior to 1.9 work with it.

So to use old/deprecated features, all you need to do is to provide reference of jQuery Migrate Plugin. Find out more here.

Q71. Is it possible to get value of multiple CSS properties in single statement?
Ans: Well, before jQuery 1.9 release it was not possible but one of the new feature of jQuery 1.9 was .css() multi-property getter.

1	var propCollection = $(“#dvBox”).css([ "width", "height","backgroundColor" ]);

In this case, the propCollection will be an array and it will look something like this.

1	{
2	width: ”100px”,

3	height: ”200px”,
4	backgroundColor: ”#FF00FF”

5

}

Q72. How do you stop the currently-running animation, remove all queued animations, and complete all animations for the matched elements?
Ans: It can be done via calling .stop([clearQueue ] [, jumpToEnd ]) method and by passing both the parameters as true.

Q73. What is finish method in jQuery?
Ans: The .finish() method stops all queued animations and places the element(s) in their final state. This method was introduced in jQuery 1.9.

Q74. What is the difference between calling stop(true,true) and finish method?
Ans: The .finish() method is similar to .stop(true, true) in that it clears the queue and the current animation jumps to its end value. It differs, however, in that .finish() also causes the CSS property of all queued animations to jump to their end values, as well.

Q75. Consider a scenario where things can be done easily with javascript, would you still prefer jQuery?
Ans: No. If things can be done easily via CSS or JavaScript then You should not think about jQuery. Remember, jQuery library always comes with xx kilobyte size and there is no point of wasting bandwidth.

Q76. Can we use protocol less URL while referencing jQuery from CDNs? 
Ans: Yes. Below code is completely valid.

1	<script type=’text/javascript’src=’//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js’></script>

Q77. What is the advantage of using protocol less URL while referencing jQuery from CDNs? 
Ans: It is quite useful when you are moving from HTTP to HTTPS url. You need to make sure that correct protocol is used for referencing jQuery library as pages served via SSL should contain no references to content served through unencrypted connections.

“protocol-less” URL is the best way to reference third party content that’s available via both HTTP and HTTPS. When a URL’s protocol is omitted, the browser uses the underlying document’s protocol instead. Find out more here.

Q78. What is jQuery plugin and what is the advantage of using plugin?
Ans: A plug-in is piece of code written in a standard JavaScript file. These files provide useful jQuery methods which can be used along with jQuery library methods. jQuery plugins are quite useful as its piece of code which is already written by someone and re-usable, which saves your development time.

Q79. What is jQuery UI?
Ans: jQuery UI is a curated set of user interface interactions, effects, widgets, and themes built on top of the jQuery JavaScript Library that can be used to build interactive web applications.

Q80. What is the difference between jQuery and jQuery UI?
Ans: jQuery is the core library. jQueryUI is built on top of it. If you use jQueryUI, you must also include jQuery.

Good Luck…